Pain is the single greatest source of stress in animals, affecting as it does their basic drives and normal functions. Pain not only interferes with optimal homeostasis but also affects mood state, immunity, general health, and quality of life. By recognizing pain early an animal can be treated or managed to prevent secondary complications from developing. It is therefore important for owners and veterinarians alike to understand that PAIN IS NOT ALWAYS OBVIOUS, its existence cannot always be assumed.
Animal species vary considerably in pain perception however there are some species-specific behaviors that may be considered “pain-like” including decreased social interaction (hiding), vocalization (whimpering) lack of grooming/affection-seeking behavior, abnormal eating habits (including house soiling by cats), and depression.
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